(Antecedents and Outcomes of Employee Voice: Evaluation of the Situation of the Concept of Employee Voice in The National Literature, in The Context of Sample Surveys Conducted in Turkey And a Meta-Analysis)

Abstract

Purpose – The purpose of this research is to make a systematic review and evaluation of the employee voice concept, in the context of sample surveys conducted in Turkey. In the first part, the methodological orientations of the researchers in the field were examined, and then a general model was reached by determining which antecedent and outcome variables associated with the employee voice. In the second part, 6 meta-analysis studies have been designed by synthesizing the findings obtained in the researches in the field. Design/methodology/approach – In the research, psychometric meta-analysis method, which was established by Schmidt and Hunter (2015), was followed and Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software was used for data analysis. Correlation values were used to calculate the effect size values in 6 different meta-analyzes conducted within the scope of the research. Findings – In the meta-analyses (N=7734) carried out by using the 23 data (k) obtained from 21 surveys in Turkey sample, it was observed that there was a strong positive relationship between employee voice and psychological safety and ethical climate, moderate level positive relationship between employee voice and leader-member exchange, and weak level positive relationship between employee voice and employee performance. No statistically significant results were found in meta-analysis about the relationship between employee voice and organizational justice and intention to leave. Discussion – When the results of this research are evaluated in general terms, it can be concluded that there are still parts in the field of employee voice in the national literature that can be considered intact. The field needs to be diversified and enriched both in terms of approach, methodology, and research variables, and offers the potential to enable researchers to do so.